用插入轴控制颜色条的位置和大小

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import inset_axes

fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=[6, 3])

axins1 = inset_axes(ax1,
                    width="50%",  # width = 50% of parent_bbox width
                    height="5%",  # height : 5%
                    loc='upper right')

im1 = ax1.imshow([[1, 2], [2, 3]])
fig.colorbar(im1, cax=axins1, orientation="horizontal", ticks=[1, 2, 3])
axins1.xaxis.set_ticks_position("bottom")

axins = inset_axes(ax2,
                   width="5%",  # width = 5% of parent_bbox width
                   height="50%",  # height : 50%
                   loc='lower left',
                   bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 0., 1, 1),
                   bbox_transform=ax2.transAxes,
                   borderpad=0,
                   )

# Controlling the placement of the inset axes is basically same as that
# of the legend.  you may want to play with the borderpad value and
# the bbox_to_anchor coordinate.

im = ax2.imshow([[1, 2], [2, 3]])
fig.colorbar(im, cax=axins, ticks=[1, 2, 3])

plt.show()