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Eigenschaften setzen und abrufen #
Die Pyplot-Schnittstelle ermöglicht es Ihnen, Objekteigenschaften zu verwenden , festzulegen setpund abzurufen sowie eine Selbstprüfung des Objekts durchzuführen getp.
Einstellung mit setp#
Um den Linienstil einer gestrichelten Linie festzulegen, verwenden Sie setp:
Wenn Sie die gültigen Argumenttypen wissen möchten, können Sie den Namen der Eigenschaft, die Sie festlegen möchten, ohne einen Wert angeben:
>>> plt.setp(line, 'linestyle')
linestyle: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
Wenn Sie alle einstellbaren Eigenschaften und ihre möglichen Werte sehen möchten, können Sie Folgendes tun:
>>> plt.setp(line)
setparbeitet auf einer einzelnen Instanz oder einer Liste von Instanzen. Wenn Sie sich im Abfragemodus befinden und die möglichen Werte prüfen, wird nur die erste Instanz in der Sequenz verwendet. Beim eigentlichen Setzen von Werten werden alle Instanzen gesetzt. Angenommen, Sie haben beispielsweise eine Liste mit zwei Zeilen. Folgendes macht beide Zeilen dicker und rot:
Erhalten mit getp#
getpgibt den Wert eines bestimmten Attributs zurück. Sie können damit den Wert eines einzelnen Attributs abfragen:
>>> plt.getp(line, 'linewidth')
0.5
oder alle Attribut/Wert-Paare:
>>> plt.getp(line)
aa = True
alpha = 1.0
antialiased = True
c = b
clip_on = True
color = b
... long listing skipped ...
Aliasse #
Um Tastenanschläge im interaktiven Modus zu reduzieren, haben einige Eigenschaften kurze Aliase, zB 'lw' für 'linewidth' und 'mec' für 'markeredgecolor'. Beim Aufrufen von set oder get im Selbstprüfungsmodus werden diese Eigenschaften als „fullname“ oder „aliasname“ aufgelistet.
Line setters
agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array and two offsets from the bottom left corner of the image
alpha: scalar or None
animated: bool
antialiased or aa: bool
clip_box: `.Bbox`
clip_on: bool
clip_path: Patch or (Path, Transform) or None
color or c: color
dash_capstyle: `.CapStyle` or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
dash_joinstyle: `.JoinStyle` or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
dashes: sequence of floats (on/off ink in points) or (None, None)
data: (2, N) array or two 1D arrays
drawstyle or ds: {'default', 'steps', 'steps-pre', 'steps-mid', 'steps-post'}, default: 'default'
figure: `.Figure`
fillstyle: {'full', 'left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top', 'none'}
gapcolor: color or None
gid: str
in_layout: bool
label: object
linestyle or ls: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
linewidth or lw: float
marker: marker style string, `~.path.Path` or `~.markers.MarkerStyle`
markeredgecolor or mec: color
markeredgewidth or mew: float
markerfacecolor or mfc: color
markerfacecoloralt or mfcalt: color
markersize or ms: float
markevery: None or int or (int, int) or slice or list[int] or float or (float, float) or list[bool]
mouseover: bool
path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
picker: float or callable[[Artist, Event], tuple[bool, dict]]
pickradius: unknown
rasterized: bool
sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
snap: bool or None
solid_capstyle: `.CapStyle` or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
solid_joinstyle: `.JoinStyle` or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
transform: `.Transform`
url: str
visible: bool
xdata: 1D array
ydata: 1D array
zorder: float
Line getters
agg_filter = None
alpha = None
animated = False
antialiased or aa = True
bbox = Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=-1.0, x1=0.99, y1=1.0)
children = []
clip_box = TransformedBbox( Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, ...
clip_on = True
clip_path = None
color or c = r
dash_capstyle = butt
dash_joinstyle = round
data = (array([0. , 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, ...
drawstyle or ds = default
figure = Figure(640x480)
fillstyle = full
gapcolor = None
gid = None
in_layout = True
label = _child0
linestyle or ls = --
linewidth or lw = 2.0
marker = None
markeredgecolor or mec = r
markeredgewidth or mew = 1.0
markerfacecolor or mfc = r
markerfacecoloralt or mfcalt = none
markersize or ms = 6.0
markevery = None
mouseover = False
path = Path(array([[ 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00], ...
path_effects = []
picker = None
pickradius = 5
rasterized = False
sketch_params = None
snap = None
solid_capstyle = projecting
solid_joinstyle = round
tightbbox = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=571.04, y1=422.4)
transform = CompositeGenericTransform( TransformWrapper( ...
transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
url = None
visible = True
window_extent = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=-316.79999999999995, x1=571.04, y...
xdata = [0. 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05]...
xydata = [[0. 0. ] [0.01 0.06279052] ...
ydata = [0. 0.06279052 0.12533323 0.18738131 0.248...
zorder = 2
Rectangle setters
agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array and two offsets from the bottom left corner of the image
alpha: scalar or None
angle: unknown
animated: bool
antialiased or aa: bool or None
bounds: (left, bottom, width, height)
capstyle: `.CapStyle` or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
clip_box: `.Bbox`
clip_on: bool
clip_path: Patch or (Path, Transform) or None
color: color
edgecolor or ec: color or None
facecolor or fc: color or None
figure: `.Figure`
fill: bool
gid: str
hatch: {'/', '\\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*'}
height: unknown
in_layout: bool
joinstyle: `.JoinStyle` or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
label: object
linestyle or ls: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
linewidth or lw: float or None
mouseover: bool
path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
picker: None or bool or float or callable
rasterized: bool
sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
snap: bool or None
transform: `.Transform`
url: str
visible: bool
width: unknown
x: unknown
xy: (float, float)
y: unknown
zorder: float
Rectangle getters
agg_filter = None
alpha = None
angle = 0.0
animated = False
antialiased or aa = True
bbox = Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, y1=1.0)
capstyle = butt
center = [0.5 0.5]
children = []
clip_box = None
clip_on = True
clip_path = None
corners = [[0. 0.] [1. 0.] [1. 1.] [0. 1.]]
data_transform = BboxTransformTo( TransformedBbox( Bbox...
edgecolor or ec = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
extents = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=576.0, y1=422.4)
facecolor or fc = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
figure = Figure(640x480)
fill = True
gid = None
hatch = None
height = 1.0
in_layout = True
joinstyle = miter
label =
linestyle or ls = solid
linewidth or lw = 0.0
mouseover = False
patch_transform = CompositeGenericTransform( BboxTransformTo( ...
path = Path(array([[0., 0.], [1., 0.], [1.,...
path_effects = []
picker = None
rasterized = False
sketch_params = None
snap = None
tightbbox = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=576.0, y1=422.4)
transform = CompositeGenericTransform( CompositeGenericTra...
transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
url = None
verts = [[ 80. 52.8] [576. 52.8] [576. 422.4] [ 80...
visible = True
width = 1.0
window_extent = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=576.0, y1=422.4)
x = 0.0
xy = (0.0, 0.0)
y = 0.0
zorder = 1
Text setters
agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array and two offsets from the bottom left corner of the image
alpha: scalar or None
animated: bool
backgroundcolor: color
bbox: dict with properties for `.patches.FancyBboxPatch`
clip_box: `.Bbox`
clip_on: bool
clip_path: Patch or (Path, Transform) or None
color or c: color
figure: `.Figure`
fontfamily or family: {FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}
fontproperties or font or font_properties: `.font_manager.FontProperties` or `str` or `pathlib.Path`
fontsize or size: float or {'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large', 'xx-large'}
fontstretch or stretch: {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultra-condensed', 'extra-condensed', 'condensed', 'semi-condensed', 'normal', 'semi-expanded', 'expanded', 'extra-expanded', 'ultra-expanded'}
fontstyle or style: {'normal', 'italic', 'oblique'}
fontvariant or variant: {'normal', 'small-caps'}
fontweight or weight: {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultralight', 'light', 'normal', 'regular', 'book', 'medium', 'roman', 'semibold', 'demibold', 'demi', 'bold', 'heavy', 'extra bold', 'black'}
gid: str
horizontalalignment or ha: {'left', 'center', 'right'}
in_layout: bool
label: object
linespacing: float (multiple of font size)
math_fontfamily: str
mouseover: bool
multialignment or ma: {'left', 'right', 'center'}
parse_math: bool
path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
picker: None or bool or float or callable
position: (float, float)
rasterized: bool
rotation: float or {'vertical', 'horizontal'}
rotation_mode: {None, 'default', 'anchor'}
sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
snap: bool or None
text: object
transform: `.Transform`
transform_rotates_text: bool
url: str
usetex: bool or None
verticalalignment or va: {'bottom', 'baseline', 'center', 'center_baseline', 'top'}
visible: bool
wrap: bool
x: float
y: float
zorder: float
Text getters
agg_filter = None
alpha = None
animated = False
bbox_patch = None
children = []
clip_box = None
clip_on = True
clip_path = None
color or c = black
figure = Figure(640x480)
fontfamily or family = ['sans-serif']
fontname or name = DejaVu Sans
fontproperties or font or font_properties = sans\-serif:style=normal:variant=normal:weight=nor...
fontsize or size = 12.0
fontstyle or style = normal
fontvariant or variant = normal
fontweight or weight = normal
gid = None
horizontalalignment or ha = center
in_layout = True
label =
math_fontfamily = dejavusans
mouseover = False
parse_math = True
path_effects = []
picker = None
position = (0.5, 1.0)
rasterized = False
rotation = 0.0
rotation_mode = None
sketch_params = None
snap = None
stretch = normal
text = Hi mom
tightbbox = Bbox(x0=295.5, y0=426.7333333333333, x1=360.5, y1=...
transform = CompositeGenericTransform( BboxTransformTo( ...
transform_rotates_text = False
transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
unitless_position = (0.5, 1.0)
url = None
usetex = False
verticalalignment or va = baseline
visible = True
window_extent = Bbox(x0=295.5, y0=426.7333333333333, x1=360.5, y1=...
wrap = False
zorder = 3
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.arange(0, 1.0, 0.01)
y1 = np.sin(2*np.pi*x)
y2 = np.sin(4*np.pi*x)
lines = plt.plot(x, y1, x, y2)
l1, l2 = lines
plt.setp(lines, linestyle='--') # set both to dashed
plt.setp(l1, linewidth=2, color='r') # line1 is thick and red
plt.setp(l2, linewidth=1, color='g') # line2 is thinner and green
print('Line setters')
plt.setp(l1)
print('Line getters')
plt.getp(l1)
print('Rectangle setters')
plt.setp(plt.gca().patch)
print('Rectangle getters')
plt.getp(plt.gca().patch)
t = plt.title('Hi mom')
print('Text setters')
plt.setp(t)
print('Text getters')
plt.getp(t)
plt.show()